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In stage 1, water flows through pre and post  one - micron filter pads (1 micron equals 1/25,000th of an inch), which  remove suspended particles such as silt, sediment, cyst (Giardia,  Cryptosporidium), sand, rust, dirt, and other un-dissolved matter.

In stages 2 and 3, water flows through a bed  of media made of a special high-purity alloy blend of two dissimilar  metals - copper and zinc (KDF-55D ®, and KDF-85D ®.) KDF is a major  advancement in water treatment technology that works on the  electro-chemical and spontaneous-oxidation-reduction (REDOX) principles.  Chlorine is instantaneously and almost inexhaustibly oxidized. Tests on  KDF/GAC cartridge have shown 99+% chlorine removal past 20,000 gallons  of water. In comparison, carbon cartridges of comparable volumes drop  below 90% effectiveness after only 4,000 gallons.

Iron and hydrogen sulfide are oxidized into insoluble matter  and attach to the surface of the media. Heavy metals such as lead,  mercury, copper, nickel, chromium, cadmium, aluminum, and other  dissolved metals are removed from the water by the electrochemical  process. They are attracted to the surface of the media, much like a  magnet. The media inhibits bacterial growth throughout the entire unit.  In fact, it has been shown to be reduced up to 90%, eliminating the need  for silver, which is commonly used in carbon-only filters (silver is  considered a pesticide by the EPA and, as such, must be registered with  them).

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In stage 4, water flows through ion exchange resins, reducing heavy metals such as lead, copper, aluminum, and water hardness.

In stage 5, water flows through granulated  activated carbon (GAC). GAC is universally recognized and widely used as  an effective adsorbent for a wide variety of organic contaminants, such  as chlorine (99.9%), chemicals linked to cancer (THM's, benzene)  pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, volatile organic compounds  (VOC's),  PCB's, MTBE's and hundreds of other chemical contaminants that  may be present in water causing bad taste and odors in your drinking  water.

Carbon is extremely porous and provides a large surface area  for contaminants to collect. Carbon-only filters must also use their  capacity for chlorine removal, resulting in a shortened life. They also  may use a bituminous coal carbon, which is good at removing chlorine,  but not as effective at removing chemicals. We use a high-grade coconut  shell carbon that is most effective at removing chemicals. Coconut shell  carbon provides a significantly higher volume of micro-pores than  either coal, wood or lignite based carbon. As a result, it is more  effective than other carbon types in removing trihalomethanes (THM's)  and other chemicals from municipally supplied water. Since our REDOX  media removes the chlorine before it reaches the carbon, the carbon  capacity is not wasted on chlorine and is free to concentrate more  effectively on organic contaminants.

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In stage 6, water flows through another  one-micron filtration pad for further reduction of undesirable  particles. The end result is a great reduction or total elimination of a  wide variety of contaminants.

In stage 7 - Floride Cartridge Only,water travels  through a FLUORIDE REMOVAL resin. Containing Synthetic Aluminum Oxide  adsorbant  media. Specifically designed to have a high affinity for  Fluoride, Lead and Arsenic. It removes metals through a mixture of  adsorption and chemical reaction with the media, therefore, the  elimination is not reliant on ion exchange. It  has uniform particle  size, is physically stable and can be used over a wide pH range.  Capacity: 2700 ppm Fluoride (Avg. 600  to 900 Gallons) .* As high as  6600 ppm F+ with effluent levels below 0.2 ppm from 10 ppm F+ feed.*  Also effectively removes lead and arsenic. .